Employment Law (Testing & Privacy Rights) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Employment Law (Testing & Privacy Rights) - Essay Example They could be covered by state laws affecting who may or may not be tested. Related rulings include approving testing for railroad operators, police officers and medical professionals who care for patients. Generally, where "a position has a direct affect on safety, random testing has been allowed" (National Workrights Institute). Attempts to spread drug testing to non-safety positions like janitors and clerical workers have been unsuccessful. The U.S. Supreme Court, in Washington v. Davis, 426 U.S. 229 (1976), ruled that the District of Columbia's Test 21 (Question 2) was not discriminatory, even though it screened out many more black police force applicants than whites and had not been proved relevant to on-the-job performance. The test itself could not be blamed for the low black population on the police force. There had been no direct evidence that the D.C. police force was actively excluding black recruits, and the test was widely used for other government jobs. The Supreme Court stated in the ruling that a statute is not discriminatory "if in practice it benefits or burdens one race more than another" when it is designed to serve race-neutral goals such as a verbally competent work force, unless there is compelling evidence to the contrary. The high court feared that such a standard could be used to invalidate a wide range of laws that affect different groups disproportionately. The Louisiana Court of Appeals ruled in Lam

Consulting Project Plan - Executive Summary Essay Example for Free

Consulting Project Plan Executive Summary Essay My name is Lisa. I am a consultant from Hexi Consultation Firm. My expertise lies in interpersonal, training, and sales consultations. I was brought in by Mr. Joseph Wilson, your CEO, to research what he believed to be the company problem, diagnose it, and come up with a solution. First, I want to let each and everyone one know that I am here to help. I am here to help not only find out what has gone wrong but to help those who this is affecting come out of this with a better way of operating his/her department or duties, improve interpersonal relationships, insure everyone knows how to perform their job by providing him/her with the necessary material and training possible. Along the way, I want each person to who I interact with to feel free to question a statement, a recommendation, or a decision. We will be in this project together. I want everyone involved to understand this is your workplace, your home away from home, your livelihood. I am here to help improve the environment and conditions in which it operates. Upon completion of this project, I want everyone to feel that the changes made were fore the best and made this company a better place to work. How we achieve that will be by: * Creating a Communication Plan * Scheduling and conducting meeting for areas where research and change are involved. * Organize and Conduct a Feedback Meetings * Corporate and Regional * Beginning to End of Project * Devise an Implementation Plan I look forward to the opportunity to work alongside of everyone involved.

Tone in Sylvia Plaths Lady Lazarus Essay -- Sylvia Plath Lady Lazarus

Tone in Sylvia Plath's "Lady Lazarus" In â€Å"Lady Lazarus† by Sylvia Plath, the speaker’s tone is revealed through many different poetic aspects. Throughout her writing, the speaker’s attitude towards death appears to be happy but, when looking more closely at Plath’s use of poetic devices her attitude is bitter. Shown mainly through the diction, images, sounds and repetition, this depressing tone emphasizes the speaker’s feelings about death. First, diction or word choice used throughout this poem depicts apart the meaning and stresses the tone. Next, the images used to describe the speaker’s experiences with death shows the emotions and thoughts that go through the speaker’s mind concerning death. These events the speaker experiences give a vivid description, which reveal her attitude. Lastly, the repetition and sounds throughout the poem encourage the importance of the poem. Through diction, images, repetition and sounds depicts apart the poem in showing the tr ue meaning and most essentially, the part of this poem that reveals her attitude towards death. The title is the first indication that Plath uses diction to underline the tone and attitudes towards death by the speaker. â€Å"Lady Lazarus† firsts suggests that this speaker is a woman. Then, for â€Å"Lazarus† Plath alludes to an occurrence in the Bible, where Jesus Christ raised Lazarus from the dead (John 11:44). This use of diction from the beginning shows that Plath’s speaker or the woman’s manner and outlook towards death, which means that she has attempted suicide, but has not been successful. Next, in the first line of the poem, â€Å"I have done it again† (1), suggests disappointment and sadness in this woman’s life. This first statement therefore, brings the ... ... tone of the speaker through her attitude. In conclusion, Plath’s exercises various poetic devises that emphasize the attitude towards death by the speaker. Diction as a poetic devise shows though the choices that Plath makes in the selection of her words to depict the unenthusiastic tone of the poem. Then, the next poetic devise used is imagery, which was the most affective devise because of the vivid images the audience can imagine in their own minds. This approach also represents the depressing attitude and tone towards death. Lastly, the sounds and repetition are also used to show and express the downing aspects of the poem, including the tone and the attitude of the speaker. All together they make up just some of the important poetic devises that are being used in this poem that can analyze the speaker’s attitude towards death, which clearly is deadly.

Ethical Healthcare Issues

Running Head: ETHICAL HEALTHCARE Ethical Healthcare Issues Paper Wanda Douglas Health Law and Ethics/HCS 545 October 17, 2011 Nancy Moody Ethical Healthcare Issues Paper In today’s health care industry providing quality patient care and avoiding harm are the foundations of ethical practices. However, many health care professionals are not meeting the guidelines or expectations of the American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) or obeying the organizations code of ethics policies, especially with the use of electronic medical records (EMR). Many patients fear that their personal health information (PHI) will be disclosed by hackers or unauthorized users. According to Carel (2010) â€Å"ethical concerns shroud the proposal in skepticism, most notably privacy. At the most fundamental level, issues arise about the sheer number of people who will have ready access to the health information of a vast patient population, as well as about unauthorized access via hacking. †Ã‚  This paper will apply the four principles of ethics to EMR system. EMR History Pickerton (2005), â€Å"In the 1960s, a physician named Lawrence L. Weed first described the concept of computerized or medical records. Weed described a system to automate and recognize patient medical records to enhance their utilization and thereby lead to improved patient care† (para 1). The advantages of EMR system includes shared information integrated information, improvement of quality care, and adaptation of regulatory changes. Even though EMR systems have many advantages, EMR systems also have some disadvantages too. Some disadvantages of EMR systems are security, and confidential, which can raise ethical issues. In order to help identify and vercome ethical issues with EMR systems, health care professionals can use the four principles of ethics to help identify where ethical issues are compromised. The four principles of ethics are autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. Autonomy According to Mercuri (2010) â€Å"autonomy means allowing individuals make their own choices and develop their own lives in the context of a pa rticular society and in dialogue with that society; negatively, autonomy means that one human person, precisely as a human person, does not have authority and should not have power over another human person† (para 2). Autonomy has an effect with ethics concerning EMR systems because health care organizations should have an EMR system that should maintain respect for patient autonomy. Respect for patient autonomy should have health care organizations to make decisions concerning user access of the records. Access of Records Before a health care organization implements an EMR system, they should have a security system in place, which includes â€Å"access control† component. Access control within an EMR system is controlled by distinct user roles and access levels, the enforcement of strong login passwords, severe user verification/authorization and user inactivity locks. Health care of professionals regardless of their level, each have specific permissions for accessing data. Even though the organization have the right security system in place to prevent unauthorized users from access patient records, autonomous patients will expect to have access to his or her records with ease. Access their record will ensure that their information is correct and safe. Beneficence According to Kennedy (2004) â€Å"beneficence is acting to prevent evil or harm, to protect and defend the rights of others to do or promote good† (p. 501). Beneficence has an effect with ethics when it comes to EMR systems because health care professionals can help to improve the health of individual patients by using patient records to help with medical research. EMR systems contain an enormous amount of raw data, which can innovate public health and biomedical research. This research will not only do good to help the health of individual patients, but also to the health of society (Mercuri, 2010). As a result, as new EMR systems are designed, patients should be given the ability to release information from their EMRs to researchers and scientists. Nonmaleficence Not only does beneficence have an effect with ethics concerning EMR systems, but also nonmaleficence. According to Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary â€Å"The principle of not doing something that causes harm. Hippocrates felt this was the underpinning of all medical practice. He advised his students,  primum non nocere  (â€Å"first, do no harm†)† (â€Å"Nonmaleficence,† 2010). Nonmaleficence has an effect with ethics concerning EMR systems because it is the employee’s responsibilities to report any negligence or fraud of patient medical records. However, if an employee doesn’t report negligence or fraud it will cause harm to the organization and to the patient. Reporting negligence will make the organization aware of the problem and help them find a solution. Employees can help prevent negligence or fraud notifying management when a problem is discovered. Employees can also help prevent negligence or fraud by making sure that their system access information is secure. In addition, employees can also help prevent negligence or fraud by making sure that they are creating accurate records. If the employees follow these policies of EMR security systems, they will ensure that the patient medical records are secure and safe from harm. Justice Not only does nonmaleficence have an effect with ethics when it comes to EMR systems, but also justice. According to Mercuri (2010) â€Å"justice is commonly defined as fairness. With respect to health care, justice refers to society’s duty to provide its members with access to an adequate level of health care that fulfills basic needs† (para 5). Justice has an effect with ethics concerning EMR systems because EMRs are most helpful when the system is easy to use, fully integrated, and easily searchable. EMR systems have the potential to assist health care organizations by providing higher quality care to the users and to the patients. In addition, EMR systems also assist health care organizations by having a system that is more unbiased through advanced effectiveness. Conclusion Even though there are still some ethical issues with EMR systems, health care professionals are moving in the right direction by being more aware. Health care professional want to do the right thing by following the organizations code of ethics, but sometimes they are not always clear on how they should handle certain EMR systems situations properly. In order for health care professionals to handle certain EMR systems situations properly, they can use the ACHE as a reference. Using ACHE as a reference ensures that they are meeting ACHE standards. Health care professionals can also apply the four principles of ethics to determine a resolution. Applying the four principles of ethics ensures that they are following the proper protocols and guidelines and leaves considerable room for judgment in certain cases. Reference Carel, D. (2010, October). The Ethics of Electronic Health Records. Yale Journal of Medicine Law, VII (1), 8-9. Kennedy, W. (2004). Beneficence and autonomy in nursing: a moral dilemma. British Journal of Perioperative Nursing, 14(11), 500-506. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Mercuri, J. (2010). The Ethics of Electronic Health Record. Retrieved from http://www. clinical correlations. org/? p=2211 Nonmaleficence. 2010. Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, 21st ed, Retrieved from EBSCO host. Pickerton, K. (2005). His tory of Electronic Medical Records. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles . com/? History-Of-Electronic-Medical-Records&id=254240

Lowering the Drinking Age

â€Å"Nearly 10 million youths, ages 12 to 20, in this country report they have consumed alcohol in the past 30 days. † (â€Å"City Council†) Teens use alcohol for a numerous amount of reasons, ranging from celebration to stress to boredom and underage drinking has now become a hobby done behind closed doors. The legal limit today in the United states has been 21 since the 1984, requiring all states to raise the minimum age for purchase and possession of alcohol to 21, but that is not stopping teens from underage drinking. The Minimum Legal Drinking Age is largely ineffective because teens are going to drink whether it is legal or not. The minimum drinking age limit should be lowered to 18 because 18 year olds are adults, teens would drink in a more controlled manner, and there would be less unsafe incidents. In the US, 18 is the age of adulthood, so adults should have to right to make their own decisions, especially pertaining to alcohol consumption. â€Å"Turning 18 entails receiving the rights and responsibilities of adulthood to vote, smoke cigarettes, serve on juries, get married, sign contracts, be prosecuted as adults, and join the military. † (Chiappetta) Some of these rights even put you at the risk of death. If at the age of 18, you are allowed to make all of those decisions for yourself, then why not with alcohol? This question still remains unanswered. Republican Richard Marron states, â€Å"It just doesn't sit right with me that people [at the age of 18] have the right to do everything else, including serve their country, but don't have the right to consume alcohol, it's a form of age discrimination. † Being an adult means making your own choices. If 18 year olds are held mature old enough to enlist or vote, it should be held consistent allowing them to buy and drink alcohol. Many argue against the claim that you are old enough to drink at 18. Opponents of lowering the drinking age argue that teens have not yet reached an acceptable age where they can handle alcohol responsibly. â€Å"The discrepancy between the MLDA and the age of majority–and its many responsibilities and authorities–along with continued incidents of alcohol abuse reported on college campuses have fueled debate that setting the MLDA at 21 is fair, smart, and effective. † (Drinking Age Procon. org) The age of 21 should not make a significant impact on anything. A three year age difference doesn’t decide whether someone is ature or responsible enough to drink. That is solely based off their decision, and if the make that choice to drink, than they will face any of the consequences that may come with it. Lowering the drinking age would also increase teens drinking in a controlled, responsible manner. â€Å"Prohibiting this age group from drinking in bars, resta urants, and other licensed locations causes them to drink in unsupervised places such as fraternity houses or house parties where they may be more prone to binge drinking and other unsafe behavior. † (â€Å"The Time Has Come to Address the Reality of Alcohol in America†). Young adults will sneak around if they are not allowed the chance to drink responsibly in a supervised situation. It is no secret that teens drink, so why not just make it legal instead of them taking the risk of trying to hide it? â€Å"Reality is reality and the fact is that 18-20 year olds drink. We need to create a safe and open environment for that reality to take place. † (Henig) Teens do not want to hide it, but if the want to drink they have to, and being supervised is going to result in less binge drinking and engaging in less dangerous activities. The age of 21 treats them and causes to handle things in an untrusting way. How are they ever going to act responsibly if they aren’t trusted? It is argued that lowering the drinking age is only going to create even more dangerous incidents, and that the 21 age minimum is preventing them from happening. â€Å"MLDA 21 helps prevent underage binge drinking. † (â€Å"Drinking Age Pro Con†) Statistics show that â€Å"Binge drinking peaks among 21- to 25-year-olds at 45. 9%, while the binge drinking rates of those aged 12-13, 14-15, 16-17, and 18-20 are 1. 5%, 7. 8%, 19. 4%, and 35. 7% respectively. (â€Å"Results from the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health:National Findings†) If the age limit were change, that would not necessarily raise the percentage, especially if the teens are supervised and being responsible enough. Even if the teens are responsible though, people still think that, â€Å"Lowering the drinking age would make alcohol more accessi ble to teens and increase the amount of binge drinking. † (Dean-Mooney) While the age limit may make it more difficult for them to buy it, teens already have access to alcohol, being 21 or not. It is in their homes, their friends homes, restaurants, and everywhere else they go. Teens are constantly surrounded by alcohol, and there is no stopping them from obtaining it, and being around an adult with it is only going to make it more safe, stopping them from making any destructive decisions. Another reason the limit should be lowered is because there would be an decrease in unsafe activities. There are less traffic accidents with countries who have a Minimum Legal Drinking Age of 18. â€Å"Although the United States increased the MLDA to 21 in 1984, its rate of traffic accidents and fatalities in the 1980s decreased less than that of European countries whose legal drinking ages are lower than 21. (Dee, Evans). That is because allowing them to drink younger where they are supervised is going to stop them from getting in a car. They will have that consent over them to make sure that they do not, but it is not just 18 year olds that are at risk. â€Å"In 2009, the 21- to 24-year-old age group had the highest percentage of drivers in fatal crashes with blood-al cohol concentration (BAC) levels of . 08 or higher – 35 percent. † (Asch, Levy). Anyone who drinks is at risk, whether you’re a new drinker, or you have been drinking your whole life. If anyone is at risk, then why is lowering the drinking age raising so many problems? With lowering the drinking age, it is proposed that the right to drink needs to be a higher age due to the dangers posed by drinking. â€Å"100 of the 102 analyses (98%) in a 2002 meta-study of the legal drinking age and traffic accidents found higher legal drinking ages associated with lower rates of traffic accidents. † (Wagenaar, Toomey). This is a major proponent for why the age limit should remain at 21, but again, anyone is in danger of an accident if they drink and drive. While an older aged person may be more experienced with alcohol and with driving, all the same risks still remain. Underage drinking is also said to be more linked to risky behavior and injury. According to the U. S. Surgeon General, â€Å"About 5,000 kids under 21 die every year as a result of underage drinking – from crashes, homicides, and suicides. † (â€Å"Did You Know? Dangers of Teen Drinking†) It has actually been proven though, that alcohol is not statistically rates of homicides or suicides, despite claims that lowering the legal drinking age to 18 would increase suicide and criminal activities by adolescents. Evidence proves to show that the Minimum Legal Drinking Age should be lowered to the age of 18 because 18 is the age of adults, young adults drinking in a controlled manner, and a decrease in unsafe drinking activities. Lowering the drinking age is definitely something that should be considered. The issues that come with lowering the age limit may be evident but being in control of these issues will help the success of passing this new law.

Painted Horse essays

Painted Horse essays To have a freedom, is to have unrestricted independence over a situation or decision. A perfect example of which, is the freedom of choice which all living things have. Alex Colvilles painting, Horse and Train, provokes a sense of wonder in the viewer by leaving them guessing what the outcome of this scene will be. In this scene, the horse is free to change direction, the engineer to engage brakes (National, 2000). Alex Colvilles, Horse and Train, symbolizes ones freedom to make choices. Alex Colville was born in Toronto in 1920 and grew up in Amherst, Nova Scotia, where his family moved in 1929 (National, 2000). His main influence in painting came after university when he became a war artist. He was sent to such places as the the liberated Belsen concentration camp (National Film, 1983), where he painted such soldiers and the deceased. Painting in such environments would bring out emotions and thoughts relating to such issues as, life, death, peace, and war. The theory of life and death can be seen quite apparently in Colvilles Horse and Train. Many questions regarding life and death are brought up by viewing this painting. Why is this horse running straight at the train? Is it memorized by the light? Is it challenging a foe? Is it aware of the terrible danger? If not, can the engineer stop the train in time? (National, 2000). By interpreting the horses thoughts one can realize that the horse is contemplating a serious decision between life and death. The horse, in a way, is raging against the machine. Its war is not against the train itself, but the idea of the industrial revolution in general. The horse is depicted as being, black, well-muscled, and confident. In the past, the horses uses were infinite. It was the main mode of transportation, it tilled the farmers fields, and it w...

Free Essays on The Ilad

Plot (Synopsis): In the tenth year of the war between the Greeks and the Trojans, Chryses, a priest of Apollo, comes to the Greek camp to ask for the return of his daughter Chryseis. She had been captured during a raid and given as a prize to Agamemnon. When Agamemnon refuses to return the girl, Chryses begs Apollo to punish the Greeks. The result is that a plague is sent upon them. A few days later, Achilles, the greatest of the Greek warriors, calls an assembly of the Greek forces to discuss how they can bring the plague to an end. The prophet Calchas explains why Apollo is angry with the Greeks and proposes that Agamemnon give up Chryseis. Agamemnon agrees to let the girl if Briseis, the prize of Achilles, is given to him. Achilles protests the loss of Briseis, but Agamemnon sends his men to take her away. Achilles is furious at this insult inflicted on him by Agamemnon and refuses to take any further part in the fighting. He also asks his mother, Thetis, to persuade Zeus to humble Agamemnon and t he Greeks. Since Zeus favors Thetis, he agrees to honor her request. On the next day, Agamemnon marshals the Greek forces, excluding Achilles and his men, and attacks the Trojans. The Greeks succeed in their efforts due to the brilliant fighting of Diomedes. On the second day of battle, the gods, following Zeus' orders, begin to help the Trojans, and the Greeks are driven back by the Trojans. At the end of the day, the Trojans do not even return to Troy for protection; instead, they are so confident of their abilities that they camp on the plain, ready for an onslaught on the Greek camp the next day. Worrying about the Greek losses of the day, Agamemnon realizes how greatly his army depends upon the prowess of Achilles. As a result, he sends an embassy to the Greek hero to admit that he was wrong and offering to restore Briseis and give Achilles many other gifts if he would rejoin the fighting. The proud Achilles refuses the offer. To... Free Essays on The Ilad Free Essays on The Ilad Plot (Synopsis): In the tenth year of the war between the Greeks and the Trojans, Chryses, a priest of Apollo, comes to the Greek camp to ask for the return of his daughter Chryseis. She had been captured during a raid and given as a prize to Agamemnon. When Agamemnon refuses to return the girl, Chryses begs Apollo to punish the Greeks. The result is that a plague is sent upon them. A few days later, Achilles, the greatest of the Greek warriors, calls an assembly of the Greek forces to discuss how they can bring the plague to an end. The prophet Calchas explains why Apollo is angry with the Greeks and proposes that Agamemnon give up Chryseis. Agamemnon agrees to let the girl if Briseis, the prize of Achilles, is given to him. Achilles protests the loss of Briseis, but Agamemnon sends his men to take her away. Achilles is furious at this insult inflicted on him by Agamemnon and refuses to take any further part in the fighting. He also asks his mother, Thetis, to persuade Zeus to humble Agamemnon and t he Greeks. Since Zeus favors Thetis, he agrees to honor her request. On the next day, Agamemnon marshals the Greek forces, excluding Achilles and his men, and attacks the Trojans. The Greeks succeed in their efforts due to the brilliant fighting of Diomedes. On the second day of battle, the gods, following Zeus' orders, begin to help the Trojans, and the Greeks are driven back by the Trojans. At the end of the day, the Trojans do not even return to Troy for protection; instead, they are so confident of their abilities that they camp on the plain, ready for an onslaught on the Greek camp the next day. Worrying about the Greek losses of the day, Agamemnon realizes how greatly his army depends upon the prowess of Achilles. As a result, he sends an embassy to the Greek hero to admit that he was wrong and offering to restore Briseis and give Achilles many other gifts if he would rejoin the fighting. The proud Achilles refuses the offer. To...

Force Definition and Examples (Science)

Force Definition and Examples (Science) Force is an important concept in physics: Force Definition In science, force is the push or pull on an object with mass that causes it to change velocity (to accelerate). Force represents as a vector, which means it has both magnitude and direction. In equations and diagrams, a force is usually denoted by the symbol F. An example is an equation from Newtons second law: F m ·a where F force, m mass, and a acceleration. Units of Force The SI unit of force is the Newton (N). Other units of force include the dyne, kilogram-force (kilopond), poundal, and pound-force. Galileo Galilei and Sir Isaac Newton described how force works mathematically. Galileos two-part presentation of the inclined-plane experiment (1638) established two mathematical relationships of naturally-accelerated motion under his definition, strongly influencing how we measure force to this day. Newtons Laws of Motion (1687) predict the action of forces under normal conditions as well as in response to change, thus laying the foundation for classical mechanics. Examples of Forces In nature, the fundamental forces are gravity, the weak nuclear force, the strong nuclear force, electromagnetic force, and residual force. The strong force is what holds protons and neutrons together in the atomic nucleus. The electromagnetic force is responsible for the attraction of opposite electric charge, repulsion of like electric charges, and the pull of magnets. Non-fundamental forces are also encountered in everyday life. The normal force acts in a direction normal to the surface interaction between objects. Friction is a force that opposes motion on surfaces. Other examples of non-fundamental forces include the elastic force, tension, and frame-dependent forces, such as centrifugal force and the Coriolis force.

Write a detailed report on a song using key musical terms Essay

Write a detailed report on a song using key musical terms - Essay Example The first verse and the corresponding chorus is sung by   Paisley and it mainly focuses on the male traits whilst the second verse and corresponding chorus is sung   by Krauss, which mainly talks about the female counterpart. The song commences with elucidating the underlying way in regard to the promise of true love was washed away by the womans infidelity because the man went away to fight for his country. The man, however, does not easily forget about her and, therefore, turns to alcoholism to try and wash the memories away to no avail. The middle of the song clearly relates with the start as it shows the regret the woman felt because of what she did. She blames herself and turns to alcoholism too. The last part of the song thereby summarizes the middle and the beginning when the woman finally kills herself. The meter or the number of lines in the verse is the same in the chorus and the two main verses. The verses have five lines while the chorus is composed of eight lines. The prevailing  lyrics of the song  are described as additive going by the increased number of lines from five in the verses to eight in the chorus. The instruments used in the song included: the light drum that keeps the beat and the guitar that sets up the melody. There is also the use of Dobro that entails a brand of acoustic guitar and commonly by the singers on their lap with raised bridge and metal resonator cone. The voice of both Brad and Krauss are quite appealing and they sing in a manner that brings out the melodious nature of the guitars used. The melody of the song first comes across as sad, but close analysis brings out the melody as not happy, but more of a bittersweet sound that is relevant to the lyrics of the song. However, the song can be described as predominantly of one melodic voice (homophony) as there are no simultaneous lines of independent melody. The melody also invokes a sense of heaviness or solemnity due to the Aeolian

Portrait of Leonilla Princess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn Assignment - 1

Portrait of Leonilla Princess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn - Assignment Example In 1841, he was summoned by Queen Victoria to the English court. After painting Queen Victoria in 1842, he returned several times to paint the expansive royal family doing at least 120 works, including a painting commissioned by the Queen which would be given to Prince Albert as a birthday present. Winterhalter painted most of Europe’s royalty (Belgium, France, and England) and the leading aristocracy. His artistic pieces became widely regarded through copies and reproductions.1 Winterhalter did not receive high praise from serious critics. However, his portraits were admired for their sensual nature. His fame among the royals and aristocratic clients was as a result of his ability to create a painting that his clients wanted to display. In 1843, Winterhalter was commissioned to paint Princess Leonilla’s portrait. The Russian-born Princess Leonilla (1816-1918), one of Winterhalter’s royal clients’ was married to Prince Ludwig Aldof Friedrich, the same year she was painted. In 1833, she sat for Winterhalter for an oval portrait that featured her shadowed face, contrasting dark hair and opaline skin, and magnificent pearls. He also painted her again in 1849.2 However, it is the Portrait of Leonilla, Princess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn that overshadows all her paintings. Winterhalter uses an art style known as Romanticism, in which he ‘humanizes’ his clients, by painting with a more objective view of his subject’s features and bringing out their unique beauty.3 In a daring pose, similar to the scenes of harem and odalisques, the portrait lies on a low sofa set on a balcony overlooking lush tropical scenery. Her unassailable social strata made it possible for Winterhalter to utilize such a carnal pose for a large portrait. Recognized for her glowing beauty and intellect, Leonilla is resplendent in a frill dress of ivory silk with a pink sash on her midriff. A deep purple veil folds

Cross cultural management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cross cultural management - Assignment Example It is Mr. A’s first experience of staying away from his hometown (India). Following presents the interview findings (see appendix-I for the interview questions) along with the quotes from the interviewee to present his views on his experiences of staying and working in a culture different from his hometown. When the interviewee was asked to share his experience from leaving his hometown to his very first assignment in Singapore he told the interviewer that â€Å"leaving home and going to a completely new place was not an easy job especially when I have never been to any new country†. Mr. A highlighted that going as a visitor and going as an employee are two completely different things. In the words of Mr. A â€Å"it was a sort of cultural shock which was aggravated due to high expectations of the employer leaving lesser time for adjustment; I was expected to get to work immediately and produce results which was not an easy task as I was still in the phase of understanding my surroundings and adjusting to it.† Mr. A told the interviewer that his first assignment was to close a deal with a client and he found it very difficult to set the meeting and meet the client in person. Mr. A says â€Å"though I have good product knowledge and prior experience of selling goods and cl osing deals in India but meeting the person of a new culture and convincing him to use the services of our company is something needs experience of selling in the same culture.† Then the interviewer asked Mr. A how he has prepared for the immersion in a new culture to which Mr. A replied â€Å"I have learned about the culture of Singapore from the internet sites and a few friends of mine who have been to Singapore but experiencing a culture in person is totally a new experience.† Continuing the conversation the interviewer asked Mr. A about his feelings upon knowing that he will be going to Singapore and about his first few days in

Observation about coffe shops Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Observation about coffe shops - Assignment Example It is also observed that people would get out of traffic, even from office and when they have to discuss something in detail which requires input like a promotion or hiring or firing someone, they would say to each other, ‘let’s talk about it at the coffee shop’. Coffee shops are more than a drink place. The famous sitcom Friends has given the people a culture. And a lot of the scenes were shot when the six of the friends would sit and crack jokes in a coffee shop. This is a good insight into what coffee shops hold for the people. It is certainly not a bar, it is not a golf course, it is not a bowling alley. It is a place where the focus is on two things only; the subject of the talk and the taste of coffee. Compared to food places, people have their mouths full, that is why they don’t talk much, and when they do, it is at a loud volume and people sitting nearby can easily hear what they are talking about. In coffee shops, this is not the case, people can even talk in whispers, can talk in a low volume. Coffee shops and fast food restaurants have many things in common yet they are very different when it comes to fine details. The fast food places are like sending SMS to the other person. The receiver (listener) has to make sense of the loud and small message. Coffee shops are like sending a full page, the reader (listener) can get the information in a comprehensive fashion, while the sender of that page (speaker) feels content that the whole message is delivered with all the emotions and tiny details attached. Theoretically speaking, there is not a specific class of people that goes to coffee shops. These places cater a certain mood, which can be symbolic of a library, with one difference; people can talk. However, some coffee shops have turned their place into a high class cafà © and they charge rates accordingly. For people who don’t earn a

Lean in Nissan UK Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Lean in Nissan UK - Assignment Example The organizational hierarchy determines the shape of the organization that is, how many employees and positions there are after the CEO or MD. The degree of centralization is concerned with how power is distributed. Formalization, on the other hand, deals with the organization of work in the organization. It could be either explicit or rigid. Finally, complexity is concerned with the subunits in the organization and their differences (Wernham, 2012, p56) An operations manager for the Nissan should considers four main variables in managing operations namely; volume, variation, variety and variability. All are unique in their own respective ways and could make or break a company (Cooke, 2010, p22). There are, however, three main operations of a business such as the Nissan Motor assembling companies. They are; materials, customers and information. Materials refer to everything tangible to the business and which is used as an input in the business. Customers refer to the current and potential consumers of business products. Information is any information that contributes positively or negatively to the success or failure of the business. (Highsmith, 2002, 55) Materials, customers and information are different from each other in some respect. Materials are powerless until they are handled but behave in different ways based on their chemical and physical natures. Customers are people who are mobile and can move from one place to another. Information is the communication of data in ways often not visible to the human eye. Information and customers are similar in the sense that both of them can move from one point to another. Information is, however, intangible while customers are tangible. Materials are also tangible (Goodpasture,2010, p34) In managing any projects, the company must, therefore, consider the above factors as they all

British Petroleum Oil Spill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

British Petroleum Oil Spill - Essay Example Findings   3.1 Summary of findings of your analysis   4. Conclusion   4.1 Discussion of findings in context of theory and prior literature 5. References 1. Introduction   1.1 Theories used in case analysis The paper talks about the oil spill caused by British Petroleum’s (BP) in 2010 that occurred in the Mexican Gulf and caused irreparable damage to the environment and life in and around that area. It looks at the company’s behavior post the oil spill and their reaction in front of the media and as expressed in their annual reports. More specifically, this paper looks at how BP’s reaction post the disastrous oil spill ties in with the theories about company behavior. Some theories used as reference for this paper include the legitimacy theory, the stakeholder theory and the institutional theory etc. 2. The case   2.1 Context   Background information about the case   British Petroleum (BP) is the 6th largest oil and gas company worldwide. BP is invol ved in all stages including the extraction of oil to the retail of the final product (BP, 2012, p.1). In â€Å"2010† the company faced a ruinous crisis when the drilling rig, Deepwater Horizon blew up on April 20, 2010. This cataclysmic disaster resulted in the killing of 11 persons and critically wounded many others (BP Annual Report, 2010, p.6). The spill continued for almost three months, making this catastrophe the biggest disaster of its kind (Mason, 2010, p.1). The scientists who had been vigorously studying the possible repercussions were still not sure about the complete extent of the environmental damage even after a whole year had passed. Further research is still required to provide a holistic detail on the matter because the destruction caused by the BP oil spill is too far reaching in a ripple effect caused by direct environmental damages. (Kinver, 2011, p.1). 2.2 Data   description of corporate disclosure vehicles chosen for analysis The annual report for 2010 was highly reflective of BP’s reaction to the disaster. O’Donovan (2002, p.344) says that companies reveal information in the annual reports only with the purpose of gaining support from the society and to retain their legitimacy in society. Companies that find themselves in situations that BP found itself in often try to improve their image by providing more information in their annual reports that â€Å"concerns† ethics and environmental issues (Deegan et al., 2002, p.312). This information is used by the company to clean up the mess it has somehow created in a disaster that has happened on its watch (Deegan and Rankin, 1996, p.50). BP increased greatly the amount of environment related information in its annual report under the law of legitimacy and to counter the bad press it was receiving in the aftermath of th disaster. It kept repeating to the media how it would clean up its mess, compensate the people and make amends for its mistake, thus making sure th at all stakeholders, including the society and the government, continued to foster a positive image of the company, as explained by the stakeholder theory once more. These changes in the annual report were useful for the investors, accountants, regulators, environmental groups and the community because they provided these stakeholders with additional insight about the disaster and how BP proposed to go ahead with the scenario (Summerhays, 2011, p.3). BP’s reaction was timely, even â€Å"instantaneous† according to the institutional â€Å"theory† (BP, 2010, p.1) however they were condemned by the government because they failed to contain the spill before it reached the coast (Robertson

Lean in Nissan UK Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Lean in Nissan UK - Assignment Example The organizational hierarchy determines the shape of the organization that is, how many employees and positions there are after the CEO or MD. The degree of centralization is concerned with how power is distributed. Formalization, on the other hand, deals with the organization of work in the organization. It could be either explicit or rigid. Finally, complexity is concerned with the subunits in the organization and their differences (Wernham, 2012, p56) An operations manager for the Nissan should considers four main variables in managing operations namely; volume, variation, variety and variability. All are unique in their own respective ways and could make or break a company (Cooke, 2010, p22). There are, however, three main operations of a business such as the Nissan Motor assembling companies. They are; materials, customers and information. Materials refer to everything tangible to the business and which is used as an input in the business. Customers refer to the current and potential consumers of business products. Information is any information that contributes positively or negatively to the success or failure of the business. (Highsmith, 2002, 55) Materials, customers and information are different from each other in some respect. Materials are powerless until they are handled but behave in different ways based on their chemical and physical natures. Customers are people who are mobile and can move from one place to another. Information is the communication of data in ways often not visible to the human eye. Information and customers are similar in the sense that both of them can move from one point to another. Information is, however, intangible while customers are tangible. Materials are also tangible (Goodpasture,2010, p34) In managing any projects, the company must, therefore, consider the above factors as they all

Software for wireless devices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Software for wireless devices - Essay Example The software developers have to anticipate special requirements and design the system differently such as by re-designing the software program to deal with a limited memory, for example. The five major software components necessary in mobile computing include 1) mobile operating system such as Microsoft, Symbian, Linux, and other specialized operating systems, 2) a mobile application user interface which is the application logic in mobile devices to operate the various interface devices such as a mini-joystick, touch screen, thumb wheel, and jog dial, 3) the microbrowsers which are actually similar to standard Internet browsers but specially adapted to deal with the limitations in the memory, bandwidth, and smaller display screens of mobile devices, 4) the wireless application protocol or WAP which is the suite of network protocols to enable different kinds of wireless devices to access WAP-readable files on an Internet-connected Web server, and 5) various mark-up languages which is also an area that lacks a single uniform standard; examples of competing standards are wireless markup language (WML), the compact hypertext markup language (cHTML), and extensible hyper text markup language

Human resource management Essay Example for Free

Human resource management Essay Human resource management is a sequence of decisions that gives the employment relationships, these decisions leads to the success of the organization and allows the employees to reach their target. Human resource management is related with the attitudes of the people and their taste. As every company works with the people, by taking their services, it develops their skills so that they give their level best talent and giving the support so that they can continue in the organization showing their talent that is necessary for the organization to achieve their goals. This is the necessary condition for every company like: business, government, education, social and education, health departments. Human resource planning, directing , organizing of the procurement is to develop, maintain, separate the human resource to the end of the individual, organization and social objectives to be achieved. The term Human Resource Management has many forms of definitions stated by different people in different perspectives, and still there is no standard and fixed definition for it. Because it is the management of different people with varieties of needs and vast individual opinions, there is no standard or strict policy kind of rules to manage people. The Human Resource Management is nothing but managing the employees in an organization with certain policies particularly dependent on the basis of organization and the kind of business it does. 1. 4 Purpose Statement The main purpose of selecting this particular topic is that I my self very much interested in the human resource management and its concepts. Because of the interest on HRM I have read many books and articles on the human resource management and the human resource strategies I came to know that the HRM and the HRM strategies are the main aspects that are leading to the success of the organization, so this statement initiated me to conduct the research on the HRM and get more information on it and provide my new ideas and views for the future enhancements. Chapter 2 Literature Review Meaning of human resource management Human resource management is the management function that allows the human resource managers to select, train, and develop the skills of the members in the organization. In addition, human resource management is associated with the needs of the people. Human resource management is referred by the activities, functions and programs that are carried out.Core Elements of human resource management People: organization itself is the people. It works with the talent of the people. Management: human resource management has to maintain the organization, solve the problems that are present in the organization. Integration and consistency: decisions taken by the human resource management regarding the people must be integrated and consisted. Influence: decisions taken should influence the people by increasing their productivity in the market and allowing the company to get succeed. Applicability: human resource management principles and policies are applicable to human resource management and non human resource management like education, health, etc. 2. 2 Role of human resource management 2. 2. 1 Advisory role: Human resource management gives solutions to any problems that are affecting the people, personnel policies and procedures. a). Personnel policies: organizational structure, social responsibility, employee terms and conditions, rewards, career and promotion, development and industrial policies are the personnel policies. b). Personnel procedures: man power planning procedures, recruitment and selection procedures, employment and training, management and development, industrial relations are the personnel procedures. 2. 2. 2 Functional role: The personnel functions help to communicate the personnel policies. It provides the support to the manager, which will enable that the given policies are implemented. 2. 2. 3 Service role: Personnel functions are provided by the employees who will work for the all time. The services are in the hands of personnel departments. They carry out the main activities of their services and implement the policies and practices that are given above. 2. 3 Challenges of human resource management in Indian economy 2. 3. 1 Globalization Growing the business to the world wide involves the problems on the human resource management in terms of laws, practices, competitions, management styles, work ethics and more. Human resource managers have to deal with many challenges of functions, more heterogeneous functions, more involvement in employees personnel. 2. 3. 2 Corporate re-organization Reorganization relates to mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures, takeovers, internal constructions of organization. In these situations it is more difficult to imagine the circumstances that create great problems to them than reorganizing itself. It is a challenge to manage employees fears during the dynamic trends. 2. 3. 3 New organizational forms The main challenge for the human resource management comes from the changing the characters. The competitions are not between the individual forms and group firms. Major companies are running through the local suppliers and forgings. This leads to rise of the new organizational forms. 2. 3. 4 Challenging demographics of work place Changes in the work place are largely related by the dual nature. There is difference between the young blood and old age employees, working mothers, more educated and sensitive workers. These challenging work forces have their effects on human resource managers and from the human resource point of view it is a great challenge. 2. 3. 5 Changed employee expenditure With the changes in the work place the employees attitude also has to be changed. Traditional things like giving house, job security, remuneration are not interested by the employees today instead they the equality and power along with the management. Hence it is the challenge for the human resource management to redesign the profile of the workers and discover the new methods that are liked by the workers like training and supporting them for their work. 2. 3. 6 New industrial relation approach In todays world the employees union has understood that strikes and militancy are not having much importance and are unnatural. The employee union membership has fallen severely and the future labor is of dangerous. The challenge before the human resource management is to maintain the industrial relations so as control the challenges and get grip over them. 2. 3. 7 Renewed people focus Todays world and business need is the peoples approach. The structure, strategy and systems that had worked in the past have no importance in the present situation with the increasing competitions. The challenge of the human resource management is to make people continue and reasonable to the work in the organization. 2. 3. 8 Managing the managers Managers are very unique from the others, they thing that they are different class apart from the others. They command for the decision making, bossism, and operational freedom. When these things are given to them in the past they have misused their powers in removing their coworkers and the talent, hard working employees. The challenge before the human resource management is how to manage this problem. How to make them realize that they have given freedom to make the decisions and implement them but not to misuse. 2. 3. 9 Weaker society interests Other important challenge for the human resource management is to protect the interest of weaker society. The increase in the women workers, minorities and the backward communities has lead to re-examine the practices policies and values. In the name of the globalization, the productivity, quality, the needs of weaker should not be given up. It is a challenge for human resource management to see that weaker sections are not seen and their rightful jobs are not discriminated in services. 2. 3. 10 Contribution to the success of organization The main challenge of the human resource management is to make all the employees to work for the success of the company in an ethical and culturally responsible way, because the society mainly depends on the organization. 2. 4 Human resource management overview The term Human Resource Management has many forms of definitions stated by different people in different perspectives, and still there is no standard and fixed definition for it. Because it is the management of different people with varieties of needs and vast individual opinions, there is no standard or strict policy kind of rules to manage people. The Human Resource Management is nothing but managing the employees in an organization with certain policies particularly dependent on the basis of organization and the kind of business it does. Managing the people with different mentalities, different approaches they follow, different complexities in their thinking, makes the task very difficult for the management. So to continuously improve this process of managing the human resources in the organization, the institutional (e. g. universities) and specialized bodies (e. g.Chattered institute of personal and development CPID) keep busy in investigating on development of new HR related issues faced or to be faced and at the same time practices and remedies to be followed. Managing the people with different mentalities, different approaches they follow, different complexities in their thinking, makes the task very difficult for the management. So to continuously improve this process of managing the human resources in the organization, the institutional (e. g. universities) and specialized bodies (e. g.Chattered institute of personal and development CPID) keep busy in investigating on development of new HR related issues faced or to be faced and at the same time practices and remedies to be followed. 2. 5 HRM resoruces As stated by Werner felt, the word Resource in the context of an organization is defined as Any aspect that may become a strength or weakness of a given organization including substantial and visionary valuable assets of the organization. The organizational resources can be segregated into human resources, technological resources and financial resources. In these three resources of organization, philosophy and the character of human resource management is under considerable scrutiny with continuous debate on the subject. As it is dealing with managing vast varieties of individuals, there is no widely accepted definition. But below given are some of the definitions of Human Resource Management from early years specified by different people in different perspective, which can be used for capturing the glimpse of its idea in use: The main function of the Human Resource Management for an organization is to find the best possible way to utilize the abilities of the employees to the greatest possible benefit and development of the organization and at the same time make sure that employees get financial as well as personal growth and psychological rewards for their work (Graham, 1978). Storey (1995: 5) stated Human Resource Management is individual approach for the management of employees, which needs structural, cultural and skilful measures to take advantage of well capable and dedicated employee resources. 2. 6 Human resource management in the organization The department of Human Resource is treated by most of the organizations as an administrative body and its association with the strategic plans is mostly ignored. Even though HR is about the employees who are very important for any organization, the Human resource department is only included in planning of the organization, but most of the time it is not utilized actively and strategically. Even though the Human Resource is not considered as an important factor in the strategy development and is not associated with strategy of the organization, the effect and success of the Human resource is invisible. Human resource is treated as a department policing the administration properly in hiring and firing as per the letter of law. Strategic Human resource practices are more existing concepts, which is entirely different from administrative function. So organizations ignore most of the time these practices to improve the bottom line business results (Huselid, Jackson, Schuler, 1997). Strategic Human Resource management can be defined by (Huselid, Jackson, Schuler, 1997) as the design and fulfillment of a group of policy practices made by the organization for the best utilization of the human capital contributions for the achievement of the required business objectives. Human resource people often do not act as the exact business persons and become responsible for lack of credibility in gaining business, so are unable to contribute for the success of the organization and its strategies for the development. 2. 7 The importance of Human Resource being Strategic Human resource should not be involved only in the strong administrative foundation of the organization, but also come up with the successful strategy which influences the financial bottom line of the company. Human resource should take active role in planning, guiding itself to provide continuous eventually effective strategies which will be recognized by the organization for the competitive success. It should monitor at regular intervals and also evaluate the strategies being followed and strategies need to be improved, so that Human resource play active role to be recognized as the peoples department in success of the organization. This concludes that strategic approach of the company along with Human resource completely involved in every strategy implementation will ensure that the organizations business goals can be effectively achieved by the use of skilful and able employees to the maximum effect (Huselid, Jackson, Schuler, 1997). 2. 8 The consequences of Human resource not being strategic 2. 8. 1 Human Resource being too involved in administration Apart from the main function of the Human resource department being strategic effectiveness in the development of the employees, the other function is to take care of the administration of the organization, where the department spends most of the time. This administrative work involves Human resource person in handling the selection process, recruitment strategies, appraisals based on performance, plans for the compensation (Huselid, Jackson, Schuler, 1997). Human resource department should give importance to both administrative and strategic effectiveness, because the administration is the basic building blocks for the foundation and functioning of the organization and cannot be ignored. So after the basic organization is formed, the Human resource should concentrate more on the strategic development for the effective utilization of the employees skills effectively. 2. 8. 2 The poor human resource Personal competencies Due to the reason that sometimes the human resource is ineffective in tasks, incompetent and costly in maintenance, Human resource bad reputation is treated as well deserved. The change in the Human resource persons thinking and acting could bring the change expected by the senior management and they can start believing that Human resource can play active role in strategic planning and implementation of the organization. Human resource must upgrade them by learning about the business, culture of the work to influence the positive change in the organization and at the same time increase the credibility of the human resource department. Human resource should give more importance to the business competitiveness than employees personal good feelings and must also lead the organizations work culture. Human resource should be more competent supporting staff as well for the organization (Ulrich, 1997). 2. 8. 3 The human resource not measured in dollars As most of the people believe that Human resource is group of clerks who work more in processing benefit forms, taking care of administration paper work and tracking employees vacation days, and think that there is no strategic accountability apart from these administrative functions, the accountability of the Human resource is always being questioned (Galford, 1998). The Human resource department should play active role with full potential in creating the organization value and work with good strategies for profitable returns on the investment made by the organization (Frangos, Fitzenz, 2002). Normally, Human resource strategic play brings more business returns to the organization, but there is no proper business measure for this achievement. Mostly the human resource value is measured based on the cost savings in administrative and recruiting process of the employees. As Human resource lack the tools to measure the business value of the strategic gains for the organization, most of the industry researches reveal that 60% so the Human resource people play less role and only 40% of the people actively take part in strategy table for the development of the company. This is the conclusive reason for Human resource not being considered as an strategic asset to the organization. 2. 8. 4 The human resource not in co-ordination with other department goals. Human resource need to me more aligned with the over-all strategy of the organization to be more effective in business development of the organization. One of the Harward university survey says 80% of the Human resource departments has no planning for aligning itself with the other departments and its expenditures within the organization (Norton, 2001). Human resource need to be more interdependent and consulting body with all the departments and should take strategic approaches to align itself with entire departments and their strategies. Human resource need to support and contribute more in strategic involvement into different departments and different layers of the employees. This will improve the competitive advantage in the organization and leads to the business development. The main goal for human resource is to manage the human capital, motivate them which are one of the roles in being part of the broader organization management strategy. The human resource should be more involved with the top management and give appropriate support and align itself with the company strategy for the business development of the organization (Freedman, 2004). The overall company profits in the business depends on the Human resource involvement in the recruitment of persons with perfect match for the role, effectively encourage and motivate the employees, full contact with the top management, communicate well with the customers and co-coordinating all these departments. 2. 9 Strategic human resource management The way of doing something is the strategy. It includes t he execution of goals and set of action plans for gaining of the goal. Strategic management is a process of theorizing, executing and passing on the business plannings to achieve the companies goals. A set of managerial decisions and actions that determine the long term performance of organization is the strategic management. Environmental scanning, strategy theorizing, strategy execution, judging and control are included in this strategic management. The study of strategic management allows understanding the strengths and weakness of organization by evaluating the environmental opportunities. 2. 10 Role of human resource management in strategic management Role of strategy formulation: human resource management plays an unique role in supplying the competitive intelligence that will be helpful in strategic formulation. The human resource management can provide the details like advanced motivation plans used by the competitors the opinions given by the employees, bringing out the complaints given by the customers, information about the pending plannings etc. In strategic formulation the human resource capabilities serve as a driving force. Role of strategy implementation: human resource management gives the competition and the work force that will give the success of strategies. It is important that linkage strategy and human resource management needs the series of practice choice. The challenge is to develop the human resource practice choice that will be helpful in implanting the organization strategy and increase its competition. 2. 11 Human resource development Human resource development is the executing and increasing the physical, mental and emotional capabilities of individuals for productive work. Human resource development means to bring out the talent and the individual growth. Human resource development is a process to help the individual to gain the knowledge, improve the skills and capabilities, to performance well in the organization and increase the productivity. 2. 12 Proactive human resource strategies for future plannings and growth In todays competitive and challenging world the human resource development has to take a positive care to maintain the human relations. The human resource development has to play an important role in utilizing the all opportunities that are present to it for the development and success of the organization. Long term goals can be achieved by employing the efficient professionals who have aims to do the work. A proactive human resource development can execute the activities to get the competence and increase the productivity potential of human resource. 2. 13 Human resource planning Human resource planning is a process of having the sufficient people to do the given work at the right time having the ability to work efficiently so that the company can meet its objectives. Human resource planning is useful in giving information like estimating the number of people that are required for the work to be completed. To know how many people are required for the work is know by the human resource planning. Human resource planning plays an important role in avoiding the situations like having more or less people in the work place in future. Human resource enables the organization to go with the changing world like market, technology. Since jobs are based on intellectual skills and technical skills the human resource plannings help to prevent the storage of workers. In addition, due to the technical skills increasing the man power can decrease or increase in future. Human resource planning system Human resource planning system have the following elements for the planning.   The total organizational objectives   The business environment Giving the manpower needs   Evaluating the man power supply   Matching the man power supply demand factors 2. 14 Human resource planning process The objectives of human resource planning process are obtained from the organizational objectives like the necessity and working nature of the employees. Human resource should work on all the objectives by using all the man power that is available. In human resource planning process certain policies are to be made to make decisions like internal employing and external employing, giving the training and developing the plans, union restrictions, job improvement problems, rightsizing the organization, automation needs, continuous availability of the work force. Man power forecasting is the process which gives the information about the number of people that are required in the future. The demand forecasting has the following factors: The internal factor: The internal factor includes controlling of the budget, production levels, new products and services, organizational structure and employee separation. The external factor: The external factor includes competitive environment, economic climate, laws and regulatory bodies, technology changes, social factors. In the man power forecasting techniques the managers across all the levels depend on their own judgment. This can be bottom up or top down approach and judgment is reviewed in all departments and top management concludes on the total number of employees. Man power supply forecasting process measures the number of employees available that are present in and outside the organization after doing some of the changes like promotions, wastages, internal movement, conditions of work. 2. 15 Existing human resources Human resource facilitates the examination of the skills and abilities of employees. The employees that are working in the organization are categorized into skill inventories and managerial inventories. The skill inventories include personal data, special qualifications, salary, skills, job history, company data, capabilities, special preferences. The managerial inventories include work history, strengths, weakness, promotional potentials, personal data, career goals, number of subordinates, type of budget managed, previous management duties. Man power supply forecasting is categorized into internal and external supply. The internal supply is useful to know the following things: the level of production, working times, overtimes, leaves or absence, annual income, recruitments, promotions. The external supply is necessary for the following the reasons: new blood, new experiences, replacing the lost ones, organizational growth. Employees are selected based on the job vacancies. The selection of employees required is done on the basis of supply forecasts. For the selection process the internal and external supplies are used. Human resource professional gives the training to the employees and budget allocation is made for them. When the technology changes the existing employees are to be trained or they have to be shifted to the other departments where they can show their talent. 2. 15. 1 Managerial succession planning. Many methods are used for the managerial succession. Many of the successions involves the top management decisions and commitment. A typical succession plans have the following activities *Examination of demand for managers and professionals   Skills of existing executives   Knowing the future from the supply of external and internal factors   Individual career path planning Career counseling   Increased promotions   Performance related training and development Strategic recruitment Human resource plan should clarify the responsibilities for controlling and establishing of procedures, which will enable the achievements of plans. Succession planning Succession planning is the process of filling of the main positions in the organization by the persons. The main concentration is on the person who is taking the main position of the organization. Succession planning mainly concentrates on the vacancies that are present in the company and filling that vacancy with the appropriate one. Succession planning comes into light when an important person is retired. The employee feels happy when his talents are recognized by the organization and the vacancy is filled by him. By having the talented employee in the organization the organization can get succeeded. 2. 15. 3 Career planning Career planning is the process offered by the company to the employees to know their talents, weakness, jobs they wanted to occupy in the organization. Career planning is a sequence of professional, educational and developmental experiences that allows the individual to go the world of work. It is the sequence of positions occupied by the person. Career can also be considered as the mixtures of the changes in values, attitudes and the support given to the person as he grows. Career planning is regarded as the developmental questions of the organization. It is also concerned with the employment of the graduates, engineers, scientists etc. Career planning gives the succession plans to the employees as per the organizational needs. Career planning is based on the performance, and experience. The objectives of the career planning are building up the confidence in the individual, develop the perspective, reducing the expenses of the employee, make certain organizational effectiveness, allow the employee to reach his goals in the organization.

Caborn - Geography :: essays research papers fc

Caborn   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The topographic map that is the study area is the Caborn quadrangle. This area is located in the southwest area of Indiana and on the south is bordering the Ohio River. The topography of this area is pocketed with gently rolling hills with the largest depression in the land just north of the Ohio River with Goose pond located in the center of it. This study area is located in the Wabash lowland of Indiana and its bedrock consists of mainly of shale and sandstone. There is also a thin layer of bedrock consisting of limestone, clay and coal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are three major routes of transportation through this area which are the Ohio River, the railroad, and highway 62. The Ohio River in the southern area of the study region is one of the main transportation routes. The Southwind Maritime Center is a river port located on the Ohio River and is located on the west side of the map. This port is a state-of-the-art river port with advanced material handling technologies. The port is specifically designed to handle in or out bound container cargo. The port is also a designated Foreign Trade Zone providing advantages to companies in this area involved in international trade. This Port is more than 740 acres and is home to a wide variety of companies. The Southwind Maritime Center is also easily accessible by railroad and a four-lane freeway as shown on map where they are located just north of the port. The railroad as shown on the map runs from the northeastern corner to the mid-west side. Highway 62 runs from the ea st to west along the middle of the map. The highway and railroad provide transportation routes back and forth between Mount Vernon and Evansville. The Caborn quadrangle is located in Posey County, Indiana. There are 491 farms in Posey County. Eighty-five percent of the total land in this county is farmland according to Bureau of the Census in 1992. According to the Bureau of Labor statistics about forty percent of the work force in Posey County works some sort of manufacturing job and this shows the importance of Southwind Maritime center to this region. The study area has a humid, continental climate with warm summers and cool winters. The average temperatures for this region vary from 37 F in the winter to 80 F in the summer.

The Use of Alcohol Should be Banned for all State University Undergradu

The Use of Alcohol Should be Banned for all State University Undergraduate Students "According to the Core Institute, an organization that surveys college drinking practices, 300,000 of today's college students will eventually die of alcohol-related causes such as drunk driving accidents, cirrhosis of the liver, various cancers and heart disease" (Phoenix House). All around the State campus, at frat parties, in black-light-lit dorm rooms, and even at casual social gatherings, alcohol can be found in abundance. Despite the many downsides to alcohol use, college students as a whole maintain a very casual attitude toward drinking. I believe that drinking causes many more problems than it is worth to anyone, which is why I propose that the use of alcohol should be banned for all State University undergraduate students. Granted, alcohol has a very strong and important historical and cultural background. "Babylonians were brewing beer, which they considered a gift from the gods, in 5000 B.C" (Hoechsmann). Indeed, it is said that Noah stocked the Ark with beer. Furthermore, wine is mentioned in the Bible about 165 times, and it plays an important role in Christian religious traditions. During church communion, Christians eat bread and drink wine to memorialize the sacrifice of Jesus Christ for their sins. At weddings, the English custom of toasting the bride gave us the modern word bridal (Hoechsmann). Throughout history, alcohol in its various forms has been used for a multitude of rituals; to many people, banning alcohol would be denying them their cultural heritage. Many people — both drinkers and non-drinkers — will argue that alcohol has advantages. Some of the effects of alcohol that are generally seen as positive are gi... ...k." Alcohol Culture. 2000. http://www.drinksmart.org/more.html (7 Nov. 2000). Iowa State University. "Sexual Assault Resources and Information." 2000. http://www.public.iastate.edu/~mswc/sexual_assault.html (8 Nov. 2000). Iowa State University. "Tuition and Fees." 21 Aug. 2000. http://www.iastate.edu/~registrar/fees/ (7 Nov. 2000). Phoenix House Foundation. "Facts on Tap." 2000. http://www.factsontap.org/ (5 Nov. 2000). SAMHSA. "Children of Alcoholics: Important Facts." 2000. http://www.health.org/nongovpubs/coafacts/ (8 Nov. 2000). Shyness Clinic. "The Problem." 1998. http://www.shyclinic.com/ (6 Nov. 2000). Soolsc. "Facts and Statistics." Drinking: A Student’s Guide. http://www.glness.com/ndhs/stats.html (6 Nov. 2000). ThinkQuest. "The Problem." Driving Under the Influence. 1998. http://library.thinkquest.org/23713/frameset.html (8 Nov. 2000).

Ensure Justice and Equity Essay

On the one hand, fixed punishment will have a deterring effect on society. â€â€"Individuals knowing that they will be subject to a certain punishment if they are convicted with a given crime will reconsider committing this act in the first place. â€â€"This deterring effect also leads to social stability and security, through minimizing the number of crimes committed. â€â€"If people knew they would be able to convince the court or the jury of reason for having committed the crime they are accused of, penal decisions would be largely arbitrary. This would result into criminals getting away with their crimes and into a high level of injustice caused by the subjective approach of different courts。 In my opinion an intermediary position between both solutions is the perfect way to establish and ensure justice and equity. There have to be fixed punishment for all crimes. However, criminal laws have to provide for a minimum and maximum for the punishment and the laws also have to foresee certain cases of exemptions. An example for setting minimum and maximum penalties is Competition Law where a person being held liable of a crime under this law will be convicted to pay a fine, according to the harm caused by the violation and the profit gained by the violator through committing the crime. As for the exemptions, in some countries the law exempts thieves stealing food during a period of famine taking into consideration the distress and hunger. Also, a person killing in self-defense will be exempted from punishment.

Orwell: Shooting An Elephant †analysis paper Essay

Prompt 3 â€Å"Read carefully paragrphs 11-13 of Orwells Shooting An Elephant. THen write a well-organized essay explaining how the author uses stylistic devices and rhetoical strategies to convey his attitude toward the shooting of the elephant. Elephants were once, and are currently, considered prized possessions in some parts of the world. The taming of these majestic creatures dates all the way back to BC and, since then, elephants have continued to hold high value especially ceremonially, labor-wise, and culturally. But, just like any living organism, sometimes elephants do the wrong thing, in the wrong place, at the wrong time. That’s what unfortunately happened to the elephant in Orwell’s piece, Shooting an Elephant. Orwell’s piece includes stylistic elements such as figurative languag and juxtaposition to express the narrators indifferent, but also guilty attitude towards bringing death upon the elephant. Orwell weaves symbolic figurative language, such as metaphors and similes, into his piece Shooting the Elephant to emphasize the narrators emotions towards his pulling of the trigger on the elephant. See more: analytical writing The narrators indifference caused his mind to believe â€Å"a mad elephant has to be killed like a mad dog,if it’s owner fails to control it;† even though the elephant never posed a threat as a mad dog would. If the narrator hadn’t felt guilty, he wouldn’t have downsized the situation by comparing the elephant to a mad dog to justify his actions, but if he hadn’t had an indifferent attitude then perhaps the elephant would still be standing. Pulling the trigger on the gun aimed for the elephant triggered the narrators guilty conscience, especially when the elephant helplessly collapses â€Å"with a crash that seemed to shake the ground even where I lay.† The metaphorical comparison of the elephant falling to an earthquake illustrates how the narrator realized how monumental and uncalled for the death of the elephant was, which led the guilt to begin tugging on his heart. Juxtaposition plays a big part in expressing the attitude of the narrator. The unfortunate coolie death with his â€Å"arms crucified, head sharply twisted to one side† intensely juxtaposes the majestic and graceful elephant death with â€Å"his trunk reaching skywards like a tree† and his â€Å"thick blood welling out of him like red velvet.† Unlike the full essay that the elephant gets, the poor coolie gets a mere three or four sentences about his death. This juxtaposition makes it obvious that the narrator had much  respect and favor for the elephant and because he sees the elephant that way, guiltiness begins to grasp his heart after the elephant is gone. Although his admiration for the elephant sticks out of the piece like a sore thumb, the crowd that he has power over was watching and he yearned for power, just as all humans do, so, he formed an indifferent attitude to bring himself to shoot the elephant three times. Power and control are not the same thing, they juxtapose one another, unlike the narrator thinks. Keeping things under control is his job and he yearns for power, so out of that desire he decides to shoot the elephant believing that will keep everything under control when it would in fact do the opposite. His selfish need for power leads to a loss of control on the situation and on his attitude as it shifts from a confused state of mind, to an indifferent one. In conclusion, Orwell tucks many stylistic devices into his piece Shooting an Elephant for readers to interpret and analyze as they wish. Juxtaposition and figurative language (specifically metaphors and similes) in paragraphs 11-13 disclose the indifferent, yet guilty attitude the narrator has by the end of the essay. His indifference is triggered by the craving of power he has, but his guilt is tripped up by the grandeur of the elephant and his conscience knowing the elephant deserves to live.

Reaction Paper: Film About Life The Forest Has Essay

The film that we watched showed what kind of life the forest has and how large diversity of life inhabits in it. The trees are not only the living things that exist in it but many kinds of animals and insects as well. Life in the forest is so rich and there are many biotic forces that strive hard just to survive. Trees for example, need light for making food and getting energy but since they are too many in numbers, only the oldest and the strongest get to grow. Even so, since life is a cycle, a death of a powerful tree sheds birth to small plants and a new cycle or generation comes about. Animals have their way of surviving too. They usually go or live in large numbers so as to get a strategic territory. Chimpanzees for example live in colony and protect their habitat from other chimpanzees and other animals as well. They love fig trees too. Since many other animals like birds and squirrels like fig trees, the chimpanzees ward off their territories by creating noisy screams or sounds to frighten their enemies. Survival is the most important thing in the forest. One has to be strong to be alive and to keep their species reproducing. One also has to be wise and strong but it is not insurance to life. Many species became extinct and many reproduce a lot. I really like the film because it showed how diverse the biotic forces in the forest. It gave the viewers the glimpse of life in the forest and the never before seen happenings in it that lay people do not know or have no knowledge about. I learned how important our forest and the ecosystem in our life and how we should take good care of it. We should ensure it is healthy because if it dies, all the living organisms living in it will die. And surely, not long afterwards, the human race will die with it. Therefore, we should start conserving our forest. We should not wait until it is fully destroyed beyond repair because all the living forces will suffer the consequence, including us.

Humanistic Approach Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Humanistic Approach - Essay Example The last thing is that embracing corporate responsibilities is crucial in strengthening and maintaining an ongoing relationship with the stakeholders. According to Murray, Constantinos, and Robert (12), it is appropriate to apply human approach in business context where dignity and respect of every individual is the foundation that builds and maintains interpersonal interaction. This approach helps the management to embrace every individual in the organization regardless of where he comes from or what he owns. The integration of ethical reflection into the business is the key process from which effective and quality decisions are made. The solitary managerial decision on where an action is ethically sound depends on the humanistic approach to management. However, the approach may not be appropriate in providing excessive freedom. It is important to note that, the humanistic theory make some assumptions about human nature, which are not accepted as solid or complete. One cannot adequa tely argue that every individual should be given freedom to choose what he wants or not. This is because some people may make negative choices even when right solutions are staring at them. These facts plague the humanistic approach to management and therefore establish the need to offer sufficient guidance for positive change to occur. Still, it may not be appropriate when managers are mean and misunderstand how their employees perform their assigned duties. When managers treat their employees like this, they get depressed and sad and thus become unproductive in the workplace. Since humanistic approach to management is based on the self and client centred therapy, then it benefits people to discover and identify their personal capacity that stimulates self-assessment and self-development. This approach creates a ground for people to understand their strengths and work hard to improve on their weaknesses. However, this approach requires people to understand the root of their problem before building or fixing the solution. With this, this approach may not perfectly work for everyone since some people may be threatened and challenged to find out the root cause of their problems. Still, this approach regards that human beings must understand that they are hold responsible of their lives. For instance, some people may not be ready to take on personal responsibility and thus becomes hard to dictate their lives. What is meant by not crossing the line in the humanistic approach is that you can hang out for lunch and have fun with with a manager or co-workers, but when it comes to work there is respect and dignity. In other words, crossing the line means doing what should be done at the tight time, place, and time. For instance, work should be done excellently and when out for lunch one should have fun to the fullest. Friendship should be maintained but this should not create any room for laziness or low performance in the work place (Murray, Constantinos, and Robert 22). The main advantage of humanistic over the quantitative approach to management is that, humanistic approach creates a strong ground for employers or managers to know their employees and what they can accomplish. Unlike the quantitative approach, the humanistic approach takes into account fulfilling psychological, emotional, and basic needs to promote a healthy

Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

Law - Essay Example In this paper, I briefly review some of the prohibited practices during job interviews as well as review some of the questions that are generally regarded as unacceptable. Title VII is a section of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that protects employees or prospective employees from discrimination on the grounds of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin (EEOC, 2014). It is applicable to governmental and nongovernmental employees in equal measure. Dissimilar to labor laws that do not cover managerial employees or wage and hour laws that exclude certain cadres of employees, Title VII applies to all levels and types of employees. Further on, the act covers United States citizens employed by American employers without the borders of U.S. As pertains to non-U.S. citizens, they remain protected by the act as long as they are within the borders of the United States and not outside. Several employment practices are prohibited by Title VII and employers, unless they are careful, might find themselves unintentionally violating some of the provisions. Recruitment of new employees always elicit varied emotions among the applicant as well as the interviewing bench that may trigger acts of discrimination deliberately aimed at eliminating a certain cadre of candidates. Understandably, employers who are seeking a certain type of employees would go to any level to restructure and classify the questions in the interview with a deliberate intention of eliminating some candidates. For example, when conducting job interviews, the law prohibits setting up tests that are based on the races, national origin, or gender of the applicant. Pregnancy or someone disability should not be the reason as to why a person should be intentional denied an employment opportunity. Also, since U.S. states is a cosmopolitan society comprising of person from different nations and of different ra ces, the law prohibits the

The Routines of Decision Making Math Problem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Routines of Decision Making - Math Problem Example 2. The maximum purchase price for the pair of bindings is $10.00, as this is the cost of production that differs between the alternatives. In case if the price is higher, the company will be realizing a loss. 3. If the production increases from 10.000 units to 12.500, the fixed costs that change between the alternatives allocated to a pair of skis would be the following: 10.000 / 12.500 = $0.8. The fixed cost of 100.000 should be considered when making the decision, as it does not differ between the alternatives. Since all the rest of the production costs remain unchanged, we can simply add the net change in fixed cost from the total cost of production that varies between the alternatives in order to receive the cost of production for a pair of bindings under the new circumstances: 10.00 + 0.8 = 10.80. When considering the long run (30,000 sales form by the end of the third year), the fixed overhead that varies between the alternatives per pair of bindings is only $0.33 (10.000/30.000). Under this sales volume the company should produce the bindings itself.

Quiz II The Crusades Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quiz II The Crusades - Essay Example For example, the First Crusade occurred between 1095 and 1099 with its origins being France. However, it was not an official Papal Crusade but was organized by individuals such as Robert Curthose, Baldwin of Bouilon, Hugh of Vermandois and Tancred de Hauteville among others (Runciman 1987, p.182). The First Crusade had several goals such as the need to battle the Turks and also persecute the Jews. Additionally, the group murdered Muslim inhabitants and captured Antioch to restore Christianity in those areas. Contrastingly, defense came from Muslims and Jews who engaged the aggressors in defending Jerusalem. A majority of the participants came from backgrounds that opposed the rise of other religions (Galgano et al 1993, p.123). Consequently, this increased the hatred for Muslims and Jews with participants of the First Crusade such Raymond of Toulouse and Bohemond of Taranto insisting on restoring lost territories taken by religious competitors. Notable personalities of the First Crus ade included Robert Curthose and Baldwin of Bouilon who came from Italy and France respectively with armies to reclaim the lost cities now dominated by the Jews and Muslims. They also led a crusade army that fought the Muslims and took control of all cities. First Crusade leaders and their followers gained significantly in the raids that persecuted the Jews and Muslims. They equally gained by capturing lost cities such as Antioch and Jerusalem and later established the Principality of Antioch and the County of Edessa. Conversely, the losers entailed the Turks who lost Antioch and the Jews who initially had defended Jerusalem. In terms of influences, the First Crusade had a lot for others that followed. Though negative, it resulted to revenge by Turks against the crusades under the name Crusade of 1101 (Kidner et al 2007, p.145). It was followed by the Second Crusade that equally failed to secure major cities under the leader of Bernard of Clairvaux. Therefore, the lasting historical legacies of the Crusade include a disharmony between Christians and Muslims that continues to affect humanity through acts of terrorism and religious intolerance from both sides. Northern crusades A political crusade, the Northern crusades happened between 1193 and 1290. In this crusade, revenge was organized against pagans found in Northern Europe led by Pope Celestine III. Another leader killed in battle was Bishop Berthold of Hanover who led the crusaders against pagans. The stated goals of the Northern crusades encompassed the pacification of pagans and also converting the remaining ones to Christianity (Runciman 1987, p.189). Similarly, the group protected Germany’s trade and commerce from external threats. Northern crusade’s participants came from various backgrounds. Pope Celestine III, for example, was the leader of the Catholic Church and felt the urge to convert all pagans into Christianity. On the other hand, Bishop Berthold of Hanover who died in the war a gainst Livonian Pagans came from Germany and believed in the power of Christianity in the entire Northern Europe (Runciman 1987, p.213). The pagans, however, came from Livonia while others from Prussia where another crusade was led by Pope Honorius III. The notable personalities in this crusade were Bishop Berthold of Hanover and Pope Celestine III who led a campaign to kill or convert all pagans. They also ensured that

Foreign Policy of China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Foreign Policy of China - Essay Example China's total fertility rate is 1.7, which means that, on average, each woman gives birth to 1.7 children throughout her life, nonetheless, China's population is expected to grow over the next few decades.4 (PGR) This can be attributed to immigration and a decrease in both infant mortality and death rate as national health standards improve. By the late 2010s, China's population is expected to reach 1.4 billion. Around 2030, its population is anticipated to peak and then slowly start dropping. However, one of the demographic consequences of the "one child" policy has been that China is now one of the most rapidly aging countries in the world. 5 Ethnic and religious groups China has numerous ethnic groups (56) as constituents of its population. (Appendix ). The Han Chinese is the most numerous. Many of the ethnic minorities have their own culture and language, but many are becoming more like the Han who dominates the whole of China except Tibet and Xianjiang where the Han is still a minority. In the absence of an 'equal opportunity law', one is free to advertise for a preferred ethnic group for employment. However, most government bodies are required to employ at least one member of an ethnic minority. China was established in 1949 as an officially atheist state, and organized religion was banned and religious belief and practice were discouraged. During the Cultural Revolution, religion was condemned as feudalistic and thousands of religious buildings were looted and destroyed. The 1978 the Chinese Constitution reversed the atheist stance of the government and guaranteed freedom of religion. Many Chinese actually continue to practice a wide variety of religions. One source gives about 100 million religious worshippers in China: Buddhists 72%;... Trade has been growing rapidly during the reform period. In 1952 exports and imports were each running at a miserable US$1 billion. By 1970 they were just over double that, though world trade had expanded many times since 1952. The limited opening up that occurred in the late Mao period brought exports and imports each to about US$7.5billion, only slightly better. Then under Deng Xiaoping, two-way trade shot up: from less than US$15billion in 1975, it grew to $38billion in 1980, nearly $70billion in 1985, and $115billion by 1990. The rapid growth continued in the 1990s, especially after Deng's southern tour in January 1992, and by 1999 two-way trade was worth US$360bn. Imports were balanced with exports when the two were too small to be worth worrying about, then in the 1980s imports exceed exports, and in most years in the 1990s there was a substantial trade surplus. China's foreign trade figures were US $1150 billion in 2004, more than double that of 2001. At the end of 2004, China became the world's third largest trading nation behind the United States and Germany. China’s trade surplus has been positive over many years. In 2005, her exports were valued at $762.0 billion and imports at $ 660.12 billion, giving a BOT surplus of US$ 102. China's principal trading partners are US, Japan, Germany, Singapore, South Korea, Russia, and Australia. With the US, China had a trade surplus of $170 billion in 2004, more than double of the 1999 figure. China has become an integral part of the world’s trading system.